09.05.2013 | Marie E. Morrow; Myung-Il Kim; Judith A. Ronau; Michael J. Sheedlo; Rhiannon R. White; Joseph Chaney; Lake N. Paul; ..., Biochemistry, 2013

Ubiquitination is countered by a group of enzymes collectively called deubiquitinases (DUBs); ∼100 of them can be found in the human genome. One of the most interesting aspects of these enzymes is the ability of some members to selectively recognize specific linkage types between ubiquitin in ...

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09.05.2013 | Stephan C. Jahn; Mary E. Law; Patrick E. Corsino; Thomas C. Rowe; Bradley J. Davis; Brian K. Law, Biochemistry, 2013

Previous studies have shown conflicting data regarding cyclin D1/cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2) complexes, and considering the widespread overexpression of cyclin D1 in cancer, it is important to fully understand their relevance. While many have shown that cyclin D1 and Cdk2 form active ...

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06.05.2013 | Matthew R. Preimesberger; Belinda B. Wenke; Lukas Gilevicius; Matthew P. Pond; Juliette T. J. Lecomte, Biochemistry, 2013

Iron-protoporphyrin IX, or b heme, is utilized as such by a large number of proteins and enzymes. In some cases, notably the c-type cytochromes, this group undergoes a posttranslational covalent attachment to the polypeptide chain, which adjusts the physicochemical properties of the ...

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02.05.2013 | Christina J. Crump; Douglas S. Johnson; Yue-Ming Li, Biochemistry, 2013

γ-Secretase is an aspartyl intramembranal protease composed of presenilin, Nicastrin, Aph1, and Pen2 with 19 transmembrane domains. γ-Secretase cleaves the amyloid precursor proteins (APP) to release Aβ peptides that likely play a causative role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease ...

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24.04.2013 | Wonbae Lee; Davis Jose; Carey Phelps; Andrew H. Marcus; Peter H. von Hippel, Biochemistry, 2013

Single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) methods were used to study the assembly pathway and DNA unwinding activity of the bacteriophage T4 helicase–primase (primosome) complex. The helicase substrates used were surface-immobilized model DNA replication forks ...

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24.04.2013 | Jun Liu; Fei Li; Sharon Rozovsky, Biochemistry, 2013

Selenoprotein S (SelS or VIMP) is an intrinsically disordered membrane enzyme that provides protection against reactive oxidative species. SelS is a member of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation pathway, but its precise enzymatic function is unknown. Because it contains ...

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18.04.2013 | Ana M. Pajor; Nina N. Sun, Biochemistry, 2013

The Na+/dicarboxylate symporter from Staphylococcus aureus, named SdcS, is a member of the divalent anion sodium symporter (DASS) family that also includes the mammalian SLC13 Na+/dicarboxylate cotransporters, NaDC1 and NaCT. The mammalian members of the family are sensitive to inhibition by ...

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16.04.2013 | Tyler L. Grove; Jessica H. Ahlum; Rosie M. Qin; Nicholas D. Lanz; Matthew I. Radle; Carsten Krebs; Squire J. Booker, Biochemistry, 2013

The anaerobic sulfatase-maturating enzyme from Clostridium perfringens (anSMEcpe) catalyzes the two-electron oxidation of a cysteinyl residue on a cognate protein to a formylglycyl residue (FGly) using a mechanism that involves organic radicals. The FGly residue plays a unique role as a ...

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05.04.2013 | Anthony D. Rusden; David P. Stephenson; Naresh K. Verma, Biochemistry, 2013

Modification of the lipopolysaccharide O-antigen of Shigella converts the serotype, which is significant as acquired immune responses are serotype specific. Glucosyltransferases (Gtrs) modify the O-antigen by the addition of glucosyl-groups; however the precise mechanism of O-antigen ...

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04.04.2013 | Daniel M. Freed; Stephen M. Lukasik; Arthur Sikora; Audrey Mokdad; David S. Cafiso, Biochemistry, 2013

The energy-dependent uptake of trace nutrients by Gram-negative bacteria involves the coupling of an outer membrane transport protein to the transperiplasmic protein TonB. In this study, a soluble construct of Escherichia coli TonB (residues 33–239) was used to determine the affinity of TonB ...

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