Transcription Factor II D
Transcription Factor II D (TFIID) is one of several general transcription factors that make up the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex.[1] TFIID is itself composed of several subunits called TBP-associated factors (TAFs, of which there are 14) and the TATA Binding Protein (TBP).
In a test tube, only TBP is necessary for transcription at promoters that contain a TATA box.[2] TAFs, however, add promoter selectivity, especially if there is no TATA box sequence for TBP to bind to.
Subunits in the TFIID complex include:[2]
- TBP
- TAFII250
- CIF150
- TAFII130/135
- TAFII100
- TAFII70/80
- TAFII31/32
- TAFII20
- TAFII15
- TAFII28
- TAFII68
- TAFII55
- TAFII30
- TAFII18
- TAFII105
See also
References
- ^ Lewin, Benjamin (2004). Genes VIII. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, p636-637. ISBN 0-13-144946-X.
- ^ a b Lee TI, Young RA (2000). "Transcription of eukaryotic protein-coding genes". Annu. Rev. Genet. 34: 77–137. doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.34.1.77. PMID 11092823.
| Transcription factors and intracellular receptors |
|---|
| (1) Basic domains |
| (1.1) Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) |
Activating transcription factor (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) • AP-1 (c-Fos, FOSB, FOSL1, FOSL2, c-Jun, JUNB, JUND) • BACH (1, 2) • C/EBP (α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ) • CREB (1, 3) • GABPA • MAF (B, F, G, K) • NRL • NRF1 • XBP1 |
| (1.2) Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) |
ATOH1 • AhR • AHRR • ARNT • ASCL1 • BMAL (ARNTL, ARNTL2) • CLOCK • HIF (1A, 3A) • Myogenic regulatory factors (MyoD, Myogenin, MYF5, MYF6) • NEUROD1 • Twist • USF1 |
| (1.3) bHLH-ZIP |
Myc • MITF • SREBP (1, 2) |
| (1.6) Basic helix-span-helix (bHSH) |
AP-2 |
|
|---|
(2) Zinc finger
DNA-binding domains |
| (2.1) Nuclear receptor (Cys4) |
subfamily 1 (Thyroid hormone (α, β), CAR, FXR, LXR (α, β), PPAR (α, β/δ, γ), PXR, RAR (α, β, γ), ROR (α, β, γ), Rev-ErbA (α, β), VDR) • subfamily 2 (COUP-TF (I, II), Ear-2, HNF4 (α, γ), PNR, RXR (α, β, γ), Testicular receptor (2, 4), TLX) • subfamily 3 (Steroid hormone (Estrogen (α, β), Estrogen related (α, β, γ), Androgen, Glucocorticoid, Mineralocorticoid, Progesterone)) • subfamily 4 NUR (NGFIB, NOR1, NURR1) • subfamily 5 (LRH-1, SF1) • subfamily 6 (GCNF) • subfamily 0 (DAX1, SHP) |
| (2.2) Other Cys4 |
GATA (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) |
| (2.3) Cys2His2 |
General transcription factors (TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, TFIIH: 1, 2) • GLI-Krüppel family (1, 2, 3, YY1) • KLF (2, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 12, 13) • Sp1 • zinc finger (3, 35, 43, 146, 148, 165, 217, 268, 281, 350) • Zbtb7 (7A) • ZBT (16, 17, 33) |
| (2.4) Cys6 |
HIVEP1 |
|
|---|
(3) Helix-turn-helix
domains |
| (3.1) Homeo domain |
ARX • Homeobox (A1, A3, A4, A5, A7, A9, A10, A11, A13, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9, B13, C4, C6, C8, C9, C13, D1, D3, D4, D9, D10, D11, D12, D13) • NANOG • NKX (2-1, 2-5, 3-1) • POU domain (PIT-1, BRN-3: 1, 2, Octamer transcription factor: 1, 2, 3/4, 6, 7) |
| (3.2) Paired box |
PAX (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) |
| (3.3) Fork head / winged helix |
E2F (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) • FOX proteins (C1, C2, E1, G1, H1, L2, M1, N3, O3, O4, P1, P2, P3) |
| (3.4) Heat Shock Factors |
HSF1 |
| (3.5) Tryptophan clusters |
ELF (4, 5) • Interferon regulatory factors (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) • MYB |
| (3.6) TEA domain |
transcriptional enhancer factor 1, 2 |
|
|---|
(4) β-Scaffold factors with
minor groove contacts |
| (4.1) Rel homology region |
NF-κB (NFKB1, NFKB2, REL, RELA, RELB) • NFAT (5, C1, C2, C3, C4) |
| (4.2) STAT |
STAT (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) |
| (4.3) p53 |
p53 |
| (4.4) MADS box |
Mef2 (A, B, C, D) • SRF |
| (4.7) High mobility group |
HNF (1A, 1B) • LEF1 • SOX (3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 13, 18) • SRY • SSRP1 |
| (4.10) Cold-shock domain |
CSDA |
| (4.11) Runt |
CBF (RUNX1, RUNX2, RUNX3) |
|
|---|
(0) Other
transcription factors |
| (0.2) HMGI(Y) |
HMGA (1, 2) |
| (0.3) Pocket domain |
Rb • RBL1 • RBL2 |
| (0.6) Miscellaneous |
ARID (1A, 1B, 2, 3A, 3B, 4A) • CAP • Rho/Sigma • R-SMAD |
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